{"id":2835,"date":"2024-06-05T11:12:06","date_gmt":"2024-06-05T11:12:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/?p=2835"},"modified":"2024-06-05T11:12:06","modified_gmt":"2024-06-05T11:12:06","slug":"bmden-kuresel-kamu-borcu-uyarisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/2024\/06\/05\/bmden-kuresel-kamu-borcu-uyarisi\/","title":{"rendered":"BM’den k\u00fcresel kamu borcu uyar\u0131s\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler’in “Bir d\u00fcnya bor\u00e7 2024: K\u00fcresel refah\u0131n \u00fczerinde artan bir y\u00fck” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 raporuna g\u00f6re, k\u00fcresel kamu borcu 2023’te \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re 5,6 trilyon dolar artarak 97 trilyon dolara ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerde kamu borcu geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelere g\u00f6re 2 kat h\u0131zl\u0131 artt\u0131. \u00d6zellikle Afrika’da borcun Gayri Safi Yurt \u0130\u00e7i Has\u0131la’ya (GSYH) oran\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 60’\u0131n \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fu \u00fclke say\u0131s\u0131 2013-2023 d\u00f6neminde 6’dan 27’ye y\u00fckseldi.<\/p>\n

Geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerde kamu borcu keskin bir art\u0131\u015fla 2023’te 29 trilyon dolara ula\u015ft\u0131. Bu \u00fclkelerin kamu borcunun y\u00fczde 75’inden fazlas\u0131n\u0131n Asya ve Okyanusya \u00fclkeleri, y\u00fczde 17’sin\u0131n Latin Amerika ve Karayipler ve y\u00fczde 7’sinin Afrika \u00fclkeleri kaynakl\u0131 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Artan faizlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak borcun geri \u00f6denmesi t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada daha maliyetli hale gelirken, bu durum geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkeleri orant\u0131s\u0131z \u015fekilde olumsuz etkilemeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkeler 2023’te 847 milyar dolar net faiz \u00f6dedi. Bu tutar 2021’de \u00f6dedikleri tutarla k\u0131yasland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00fczde 26 art\u0131\u015f dikkati \u00e7ekti. Bu \u00fclkeler ABD’den 2 ila 4 kat, Almanya’dan ise 6 ila 12 kat daha y\u00fcksek oranlarla uluslararas\u0131 bor\u00e7lanmaya gitti.<\/p>\n

Bor\u00e7lanma maliyetlerindeki h\u0131zl\u0131 art\u0131\u015f, geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerin b\u00fct\u00e7elerini s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rd\u0131. Neredeyse yar\u0131s\u0131 Afrika’da olmak \u00fczere 54 geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclke, kamu fonlar\u0131n\u0131n en az y\u00fczde 10’unu borcun faizini \u00f6demek i\u00e7in ay\u0131rmak durumunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek faiz \u00f6demeleri, sa\u011fl\u0131k, e\u011fitim ve iklim eylemi gibi temel kamu harcamalar\u0131ndaki b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi geride b\u0131rakt\u0131. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 3,3 milyar insan\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerde her 3 \u00fclkeden biri, insani kalk\u0131nma i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahip bu alanlara harcad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 faiz \u00f6demeleri i\u00e7in kullanmak zorunda kal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcresel finansal sistemin 21. y\u00fczy\u0131lda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layabilecek durumda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu durumun s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nma i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir zorluk olu\u015fturdu\u011fu uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulunan BM, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nmay\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek bor\u00e7 maliyeti ve artan bor\u00e7 s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 riskleriyle m\u00fccadele edilmesi, kalk\u0131nma i\u00e7in uygun maliyetli uzun vadeli finansman\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ihtiya\u00e7 sahibi \u00fclkeler i\u00e7in acil durum finansman\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fletilmesine odaklan\u0131lan bir yol haritas\u0131 \u00f6nerdi.<\/p>\n

BM, geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerin bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6demek ya da halklar\u0131na hizmet etmek aras\u0131nda se\u00e7im yapmaya zorlanmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirterek, insanlar ve gezegen i\u00e7in m\u00fcreffeh bir gelecek sa\u011flamak \u00fczere uluslararas\u0131 finansal sistemin de\u011fi\u015fmesi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

Kaynak :\u00a0https:\/\/www.bloomberght.com\/bm-den-kuresel-kamu-borcu-uyarisi-2354313<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler (BM), 97 trilyon dolarla rekor k\u0131ran k\u00fcresel kamu borcu konusunda uyar\u0131da bulundu, \u00f6zellikle geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerdeki kalk\u0131nmay\u0131 etkileyen “endi\u015fe verici art\u0131\u015fa” kar\u015f\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 finans sisteminde acil reform \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2836,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[382,486,487,109,256],"manset":[],"class_list":["post-2835","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomi","tag-borc","tag-borcu","tag-gelismekte-olan-ulkeler","tag-kamu","tag-ulke"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2835","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2835"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2835\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2837,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2835\/revisions\/2837"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2836"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2835"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2835"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2835"},{"taxonomy":"manset","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manset?post=2835"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}