{"id":41754,"date":"2025-12-10T01:00:07","date_gmt":"2025-12-10T01:00:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/?p=41754"},"modified":"2025-12-10T01:00:07","modified_gmt":"2025-12-10T01:00:07","slug":"buyuk-depremler-ekonomileri-nasil-sarsiyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/2025\/12\/10\/buyuk-depremler-ekonomileri-nasil-sarsiyor\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00fcy\u00fck depremler ekonomileri nas\u0131l sars\u0131yor?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rusya’n\u0131n en do\u011fusundaki Kam\u00e7atka Yar\u0131madas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131nda meydana gelen 8,8 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc deprem, \u00c7ar\u015famba g\u00fcn\u00fc Hawaii ve Pasifik genelinde 4 metrelik tsunami dalgalar\u0131na neden oldu ve tahliye emirlerine yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n

ABD Jeoloji Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Kurumu, depremin 19,3 kilometre derinlikte s\u0131\u011f bir deprem oldu\u011funu ve 165 bin n\u00fcfuslu Petropavlovsk-Kam\u00e7atski kentinin 119 kilometre do\u011fu-g\u00fcneydo\u011fusunda merkezlendi\u011fini bildirdi.<\/p>\n

ABD Tsunami Uyar\u0131 Sistemi de Pasifik’e yay\u0131lan “tehlikeli tsunami dalgalar\u0131” konusunda uyar\u0131da bulundu.<\/p>\n

Rusya’n\u0131n RIA haber ajans\u0131, b\u00f6lge valisine dayand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 haberinde, elektrik \u015febekesindeki hasar nedeniyle Sahalin b\u00f6lgesinde elektri\u011fin kesildi\u011fini bildirdi. Rusya Bilimler Akademisi\u2019ne g\u00f6re ise bu depremin 1952’den bu yana b\u00f6lgede meydana gelen en \u015fiddetli deprem oldu\u011fu biliniyor.<\/p>\n

Pasifik k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda etkilerinin s\u00fcrmesi beklenilen deprem tarihte kaydedilen en b\u00fcy\u00fck ya da en etkili deprem olmaktan k\u0131smen uzakta:<\/p>\n

Tarihte kaydedilen en b\u00fcy\u00fck 10 deprem <\/b><\/p>\n

– Biob\u00edo, \u015eili (1960) \/ 9.5:<\/strong> Valdivia Depremi ya da B\u00fcy\u00fck \u015eili Depremi olarak bilinen bu deprem, bug\u00fcne kadar kaydedilen en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc depremdi. 1.655 ki\u015finin hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesine ve 2 milyon ki\u015finin evsiz kalmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n

\n

– Alaska, ABD (1964) \/ 9.2:<\/strong> B\u00fcy\u00fck Alaska Depremi, Prens William Sound Depremi veya \u0130yi Cuma Depremi olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan bu sars\u0131nt\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan gelen tsunami, 130 ki\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne neden oldu, 2,3 milyar dolarl\u0131k hasar b\u0131rakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

– Sumatra, Endonezya (2004) \/ 9.1:<\/strong> Sumatra-Andaman Adalar\u0131 Depremi dev tsunamilere sebep oldu; 280.000\u2019den fazla insan ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi, G\u00fcney Asya ve Do\u011fu Afrika\u2019da 1.1 milyon ki\u015fi yurtlar\u0131ndan edildi.<\/p>\n

– Japonya, T\u014dhoku (2011) \/ 9.1:<\/strong> B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u014dhoku Depremi olarak an\u0131lan bu olay ve ard\u0131ndan gelen tsunami, 15.000\u2019den fazla insan\u0131n can\u0131na mal oldu, 130.000 ki\u015fi evlerini terk etmek zorunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n

– Kam\u00e7atka Kray\u0131, Rusya (1952) \/ 9.0:<\/strong> D\u00fcnyada kaydedilen ilk 9 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki depremdi. Hawaii\u2019ye ula\u015fan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tsunami \u00fcretti ve 1 milyon dolar\u0131 a\u015fan zarara yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n

– Biob\u00edo, \u015eili (2010) \/ 8.8:<\/strong> Quirihue \u015fehri a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131nda meydana gelen bu \u015fiddetli sars\u0131nt\u0131, 523 ki\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131 ve 370.000\u2019den fazla ev kullan\u0131lamaz hale geldi.<\/p>\n

– Esmeraldas, Ekvador (1906) \/ 8.8:<\/strong> Ekvador-Kolombiya Depremi olarak da bilinen bu deprem, 1.500 ki\u015finin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131, San Francisco\u2019ya kadar ula\u015fan y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 bir tsunami do\u011furdu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

– Alaska, ABD (1965) \/ 8.7:<\/strong> Alaska\u2019n\u0131n Aleut Adalar\u0131\u2019ndaki Rat Adalar\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bu deprem, 10,6 metreye varan dev bir tsunami olu\u015fturdu.<\/p>\n

– Arunachal Pradesh, Hindistan (1950) \/ 8.6:<\/strong> Assam-Tibet Depremi olarak tan\u0131nan bu b\u00fcy\u00fck sars\u0131nt\u0131, b\u00f6lge genelinde yer \u00e7atlaklar\u0131na, kum p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmelerine ve dev heyelanlara sebep oldu. 780 ki\u015fi ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi.<\/p>\n

– Sumatra, Endonezya (2012) \/ 8.6:<\/strong> Kuzey Sumatra a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131nda kaydedilen bu deprem \u015fiddetli sars\u0131nt\u0131lar yaratt\u0131; ancak \u00f6l\u00fcmler az say\u0131da olup \u00e7o\u011fu kalp krizi kaynakl\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Depremin ekonomik etkileri <\/b><\/p>\n

2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda derlenen verilere g\u00f6re d\u00fcnyada son 50 y\u0131lda ya\u015fanan b\u00fcy\u00fck depremler, toplamda yakla\u015f\u0131k 1 trilyon dolarl\u0131k ekonomik hasara neden oldu.<\/p>\n

Tohoku depremi, Sigorta Bilgi Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc’ne g\u00f6re 360 milyar dolarla d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck mal kayb\u0131na yol a\u00e7arken, sigortal\u0131 kay\u0131plar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da 47 milyar dolarla d\u00fcnya tarihinin en pahal\u0131 depremi oldu.<\/p>\n

ABD, en maliyetli depremlerinden biri olan Northridge’i 17 Ocak 1994’te, Kaliforniya’n\u0131n Los Angeles \u015fehrini sallayan 6,7 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki bir depremle ya\u015fad\u0131. Depremde ekonomik zarar\u0131n 50 milyar dolar oldu\u011fu hesapland\u0131. Bu deprem ayn\u0131 zamanda sigortal\u0131 kay\u0131plar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan -31 milyar dolarla- d\u00fcnya tarihinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck ikinci depremiydi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\u015eili’de 27 \u015eubat 2010’da meydana gelen 8,8 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki depremin ise 8,2 milyar dolarl\u0131k k\u0131sm\u0131 sigorta kapsam\u0131ndayd\u0131 ve deprem, yine sigorta sekt\u00f6r\u00fc i\u00e7in en maliyetli depremler aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bir \u00fclkede n\u00fcfusun sadece y\u00fczde 1\u2019inin y\u00fczde 10 veya daha \u015fiddetli bir sars\u0131nt\u0131ya maruz kalmas\u0131, sekiz y\u0131l sonra ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen milli geliri yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 2 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Ortalama bir deprem maruziyeti bile milli gelirde y\u00fczde 1,6\u2019l\u0131k bir kayba yol a\u00e7arken; \u015fiddetin y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu durumlarda bu kay\u0131p y\u00fczde 3,8\u2019e, en a\u011f\u0131r senaryolarda ise tam y\u00fczde 10,2\u2019ye kadar \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Uzmanlar, bu sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n d\u00fcnya genelinde \u00fclkelerin kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fu ekonomik y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n ortalama seviyesini yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurguluyor.<\/p>\n

E\u011fer depremler son k\u0131rk y\u0131lda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ve alt-orta gelirli \u00fclkeleri etkilememi\u015f olsayd\u0131, bu \u00fclkelerde ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen milli gelir 2015\u2019te ortalama y\u00fczde 2,4 daha y\u00fcksek olacakt\u0131. \u00dcstelik d\u00fczenli olarak depreme maruz kalan \u00fclkeler dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu fark y\u00fczde 7,7\u2019ye \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde ise aradaki u\u00e7urum y\u00fczde 30\u2019un bile \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Deprem ya\u015fanan \u00fclkelerde ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na milli gelir, depremden sonraki y\u0131l benzer ama deprem ya\u015famam\u0131\u015f ekonomilere k\u0131yasla ortalama 0,2 puan daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oluyor. Yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n milli gelire oran\u0131 deprem sonras\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 2 puan artarak y\u00fczde 20\u2019den y\u00fczde 22\u2019ye y\u00fckseliyor ve bu art\u0131\u015f zaman i\u00e7inde kal\u0131c\u0131 hale geliyor. Ancak, depremden be\u015f y\u0131l sonra bu \u00fclkelerin ihracat\u0131, bu \u00fclkelerle benzer seviyede olan ama deprem ya\u015famam\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerden ortalama y\u00fczde 16 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyede kal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u015eili’de 27 \u015eubat 2010’da meydana gelen 8,8 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki depremin ise 8,2 milyar dolarl\u0131k k\u0131sm\u0131 sigorta kapsam\u0131ndayd\u0131 ve deprem, yine sigorta sekt\u00f6r\u00fc i\u00e7in en maliyetli depremler aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Kaynak :\u00a0https:\/\/www.bloomberght.com\/buyuk-depremler-ekonomileri-nasil-sarsiyor-3753734<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rusya’n\u0131n en do\u011fusundaki Kam\u00e7atka yar\u0131madas\u0131nda meydana gelen deprem 1952 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana b\u00f6lgede meydana gelen en \u015fiddetli deprem oldu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":41755,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[575,271,498,4004,261],"manset":[],"class_list":["post-41754","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomi","tag-deprem","tag-milyar-dolar","tag-sigorta","tag-tsunami","tag-ulkeler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41754","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41754"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41754\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":41756,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41754\/revisions\/41756"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/41755"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41754"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41754"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41754"},{"taxonomy":"manset","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisanlari.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manset?post=41754"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}